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Civil rights --- Droits de l'homme --- 342.72/.73 <44> --- Mensenrechten. Amnesty International. Euthanasie----Frankrijk --- 342.72/.73 <44> Mensenrechten. Amnesty International. Euthanasie----Frankrijk

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Foltering --- Foltering (Internationaal recht) --- Marteling --- Torture --- Torture (Droit international) --- Torture (International law) --- Tortuur --- Civil rights --- Droits de l'homme --- Droit international --- Amnesty International

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Hunger strikes --- Amnesty --- Social movements --- Grèves de la faim --- Amnistie --- Mouvements sociaux --- Bolivia --- Bolivie --- Politics and government --- Social conditions --- Politique et gouvernement --- Conditions sociales --- Grèves de la faim --- GREVE DE LA FAIM --- MOUVEMENTS SOCIAUX --- BOLIVIE --- AMNISTIE --- CONDITIONS SOCIALES --- POLITIQUE ET GOUVERNEMENT

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Human rights --- Europe --- 342.72/.73 <4> --- 341.645.544 --- -342.72/.73 <4> --- Basic rights --- Civil rights (International law) --- Rights, Human --- Rights of man --- Human security --- Transitional justice --- Truth commissions --- Mensenrechten. Amnesty International. Euthanasie----Europa --- Europees Hof van de Rechten van de Mens --- Cases --- Law and legislation --- European Court of Human Rights. --- C.E.D.O. --- CEDO --- ECtHR --- Avrupa İnsan Hakları Dîvanı --- Cour européenne des droits de l'homme --- Tribunal Europeo de Derechos del Hombre --- Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos --- Europäischer Gerichtshof für Menschenrechte --- Evropeĭskiĭ Sud po pravam cheloveka --- Европейский Суд по правам человека --- Council of Europe. --- Corte europea dei diritti dell'uomo --- Eurōpaiko Dikastērio Anthrōpinōn Dikaiōmatōn --- Ευρωπαικό Δικαστήριο Ανθρώπινων Δικαιωμάτων --- Curtea Europeană a Drepturilor Omului --- Europejski Trybunał Praw Człowieka --- Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi --- Evropský soud pro lidská práva --- I︠E︡vropeĭsʹkyĭ Sud z prav li︠u︡dyny --- Європейський Суд з прав людини --- Evropeĭski sŭd po pravata na choveka --- Европейски съд по правата на човека --- Europos Žmogaus teisių teismas --- Mardu iravunkʻneri evropakan dataran --- İnsan Hakları Avrupa Mahkemesi --- Evropski sud za ljudska prava --- Европски суд за људска права --- AİHM --- Gjykata Europiane për të Drejtat e Njeriut --- GJEDNJ --- EGMR --- European Commission of Human Rights --- 341.645.544 Europees Hof van de Rechten van de Mens --- 342.72/.73 <4> Mensenrechten. Amnesty International. Euthanasie----Europa --- CEDU --- Euroopa Inimõiguste Kohus --- -Cases

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The role of torture in recent Iranian politics is the subject of Ervand Abrahamian's important and disturbing book. Although Iran officially banned torture in the early twentieth century, Abrahamian provides documentation of its use under the Shahs and of the widespread utilization of torture and public confession under the Islamic Republican governments. His study is based on an extensive body of material, including Amnesty International reports, prison literature, and victims' accounts that together give the book a chilling immediacy. According to human rights organizations, Iran has been at the forefront of countries using systematic physical torture in recent years, especially for political prisoners. Is the government's goal to ensure social discipline? To obtain information? Neither seem likely, because torture is kept secret and victims are brutalized until something other than information is obtained: a public confession and ideological recantation. For the victim, whose honor, reputation, and self-respect are destroyed, the act is a form of suicide. In Iran a subject's "voluntary confession" reaches a huge audience via television. The accessibility of television and use of videotape have made such confessions a primary propaganda tool, says Abrahamian, and because torture is hidden from the public, the victim's confession appears to be self-motivated, increasing its value to the authorities. Abrahamian compares Iran's public recantations to campaigns in Maoist China, Stalinist Russia, and the religious inquisitions of early modern Europe, citing the eerie resemblance in format, language, and imagery. Designed to win the hearts and minds of the masses, such public confessions--now enhanced by technology--continue as a means to legitimize those in power and to demonize "the enemy.".

Torture --- Political prisoners --- Confession (Law) --- Punishment --- Social Welfare & Social Work --- Social Sciences --- Criminology, Penology & Juvenile Delinquency --- Iran --- Politics and government. --- Prisoners of conscience --- Criminal procedure --- Evidence, Criminal --- Evidence (Law) --- Prisoners --- Cruelty --- Extraordinary rendition --- IranxPolitics and government. --- Political science. --- República Islâmica do Irã --- Irã --- Persia --- Northern Tier --- Islamic Republic of Iran --- Jumhūrī-i Islāmī-i Īrān --- I-lang --- Paras-Iran --- Paras --- Persia-Iran --- I.R.A. --- Islamische Republik Iran --- Islamskai︠a︡ Respublika Iran --- I.R.I. --- IRI --- ايران --- جمهورى اسلامى ايران --- Êran --- Komarî Îslamî Êran --- amnesty international reports. --- banned torture in 20th century. --- chilling. --- confessions a primary propaganda tool. --- disturbing. --- documentation of use under shahs. --- islamic republican governments. --- prison literature. --- role of torture in iranian politics. --- systematic physical torture. --- torture and public confession. --- victims accounts.